Climate Change Archives

$35trn of investment needed to fuel urgent energy transition

Mar 29, 2023

Construction Week Online Business News reports that per IRENA chief, $35trn of investment is needed to fuel the urgent energy transition that is in everybody’s mind.

And that “Urgent action is needed to bring the global energy transition back on track”, says Francesco La Camera

IRENA chief warns $35trn of investment needed to fuel urgent energy transition

By Gavin Davids

Francesco La Camera, IRENA’s director general, says that the global energy transition is ‘off-track’ and urgent action is needed to hit the 1.5C pathway.

A top official from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) has warned that the global energy transition is off-track, aggravated by the effects of global crises, and that bold, transformative measures are needed for a fundamental course correction in the energy transition.

Speaking during the introduction of the World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023 at the Berlin Energy Transition Dialogue (BETD), Francesco La Camera, IRENA’s director general, asserted that a successful energy transition needed investment and comprehensive policies across the globe. He highlighted that all sectors must grow renewables and instigate the structural changes required for the global energy transition, which will be predominantly renewables-powered.

“The stakes could not be higher. A profound and systemic transformation of the global energy system must occur in under 30 years, underscoring the need for a new approach to accelerate the energy transition. Pursuing fossil fuel and sectoral mitigation measures is necessary but insufficient to shift to an energy system fit for the dominance of renewables,” he said.

“The emphasis must shift from supply to demand, toward overcoming the structural obstacles impeding progress. IRENA’s Preview outlines three priority pillars of the energy transition, the physical infrastructure, policy and regulatory enablers and well-skilled workforce, requiring significant investment and new ways of co-operation in which all actors can engage in the transition and play an optimal role.”

The Preview showed that the scale and extent of change falls far short of the 1.5°C pathway, IRENA warned. While progress has been made, notably in the power sector where renewables account for 40% of installed power generation globally, contributing to an unprecedented 83% of global power additions in 2022.

In order to keep the 1.5°C pathway alive, deployment levels must grow from some 3,000 gigawatt (GW) today to over 10,000 GW by 2030, an average of 1,000 GW annually. Deployment is also limited to certain parts of the world. China, the European Union and the United States accounted for two-thirds of all additions last year, leaving developing nations further behind.

IRENA chief says $35trn of investment needed to fuel energy transition — Public sector intervention is required to channel investments towards countries in a more equitable way.

IRENA: Annual energy transition investments must quadruple

As such, although global investment in the energy transition reached a new world record of US$1.3 trillion in 2022, yearly investments must quadruple to more than $5 trillion to stay on the 1.5°C pathway. By 2030, cumulative investments must amount to $44 trillion, with transition technologies representing 80% of the total – or $35 trillion, the IRENA report added, pointing out that the priority needed to be efficiency, electrification, grid expansion, and flexibility.

Any new investment decisions should be carefully assessed to simultaneously drive the transition and reduce the risk of stranded assets, he stated.

Some 41% of planned investment by 2050 remains targeted at fossil fuels, the report pointed out. Around $1 trillion of planned annual fossil fuel investment by 2030 must be redirected towards transition technologies and infrastructure to keep the 1.5°C target within reach.

Furthermore, public sector intervention is required to channel investments towards countries in a more equitable way, Camera said. In 2022, 85% of global renewable energy investment benefitted less than 50% of the world’s population. Africa accounted for only 1% of additional capacity in 2022.

IRENA’s Global landscape of renewable energy finance 2023 confirms that regions home to about 120 developing and emerging markets continue to receive comparatively little investment, he added.

“We must rewrite the way international cooperation works. Achieving the energy transition requires stronger international collaboration, including collective efforts to channel more funds to developing countries. A fundamental shift in the support to developing nations must put more focus on energy access and climate adaptation.

“Moving forward, multilateral financial institutions need to direct more funds, at better terms, towards energy transition projects and build the physical infrastructure that is needed to sustain the development of a new energy system,” he concluded.

The Energy Transition: Buildings are Key in 2023

Mar 28, 2023

The Energy Transition for which it is asserted here that Buildings are key in 2023 is elaborately debated in Environmental Leader.

The image above is Credit to (Canva Pro)

The Energy Transition: Buildings are Key in 2023

BY GUEST AUTHOR

27 March 2023

Building owners and utilities must unite on cleaner energy infrastructure. Incentives for behind-the-meter energy management and DR are crucial for two-way communication with the grid and driving existing/emerging technology to improve operations and costs, making the energy transition universally profitable.

Climate change, the transition to renewables, and electrification trends are major factors impacting energy costs and reliability today. Sustainable practices are increasingly demanded, inspiring action from governments, utilities, consumers, and the investment community to support a cleaner behavioral shift. While electrification is absolutely critical to achieving energy independence, in the short term it will lead to increased, unpredictable energy demand which changes the power curve and collides with the need to decarbonize as much as possible.

Earlier this month I was fortunate to attend CERAWeek, a massive energy conference organized by S&P Global, which brought together worldwide leaders from across the energy industry to share insights on the quickly changing landscape. This year’s theme of the energy trilemma was apparent – how do we balance energy security, transition, and affordability? It’s clear, despite the global movement to fight climate change we are not on track to meet our collective goals. Whether it’s a state-mandated renewable portfolio standard percentage for a utility to comply with or a publicly traded company pledging to have net zero emissions by 2050, the time to act is now. And commercial buildings, which are frequently overlooked, need to be a key part of the equation. As I reflect on my experiences at the event, some key takeaways stick out.

We must focus on energy supply AND demand

Efforts to decarbonize our energy supply are appropriately focused today on renewable generation technologies like wind and solar. Beyond that, the IRA will act as a catalyst for the expansion, research, and development of geothermal, nuclear, carbon capture, and hydrogen. This focuses on the supply side of the equation, but it is clear we also cannot forget about the demand side of the equation. Even a careful transition of supply is expected to result in energy price increases and grid reliability challenges. At the end of the day, we need to add more clean supply sources but to get to net zero we must also focus on demand at the edge of the grid and decarbonization. Disparities between planned supply and actual demand need to be coordinated and flexible. By focusing simultaneously on both sides of the meter, we can achieve this, providing the perfect opportunity for technology to make the connection.

Buildings are KEY, especially the small ones

A closer look at energy use puts the spotlight on buildings yet again. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the current built environment is responsible for nearly 30% of global energy consumption and over 90% of buildings in the US are under 50,000 square feet. Historically, energy efficiency programs for buildings have either focused on the residential sector (think smart thermostats) or on larger buildings (with heavy control systems), creating a major gap in programs for small- to medium-sized commercial buildings.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates 30% of the energy used in commercial buildings is wasted, forcing building owners and operators to take a closer look at consumption. HVAC and lighting represent a significant portion of fixed costs for commercial facility owners and operators, creating a major opportunity to improve energy efficiency, reduce consumption and strengthen resiliency. The key is better understanding the energy profile of a building, and implementing smart technology can coordinate energy-consuming assets to maximize efficiency, minimize risk and identify future opportunities.

Building operations must adjust to pricing, extreme weather, peak demand, maintenance requirements, and other needs to maintain a suitable environment for those within. Smart buildings that incorporate an energy management system (EMS) enable facility professionals to make informed decisions about comfort, quality, energy efficiency, and sustainability – all in real-time.

While temperature is a large component of employee and customer comfort, simply changing the thermostat is not always the best path forward and could significantly raise building energy costs. An EMS is a group of hardware components that work together to monitor and control a building’s energy use. It typically includes sensors that monitor real-time data from key assets within a building, such as lighting, ventilation and heating/cooling equipment, which then process the data through software algorithms to control energy usage and generate alerts if any issues arise.

Technology can deliver continuous efficiency and virtual power

As we look at what it will take for grid modernization and digitalization, technological innovation presents an incredible opportunity to make clean energy impactful for everyone in a way that works on an individual level. One size doesn’t fit all, and the technology approach needs to be customizable and scalable.

Technologies that capture live energy data enable that granularity and empower stakeholders to visualize what’s happening in front of and behind the meter in real-time. On an individual level, this enables stronger decision-making for operation efficiency, empowers end-users to participate in grid interactivity, and provides insights to transform the existing power system.

Aggregating virtual capacity across multiple locations unlocks the decarbonization and resiliency required for a cleaner tomorrow on a wider scale. A network of grid-interactive buildings connects the energy market (suppliers, utilities and grid operators) with a variety of distributed energy resources. For utilities, it means ample on-demand capacity that can be called on within minutes to stabilize the grid during times of peak demand. For businesses, it means lower energy costs, lower operational costs, and more resilient buildings ready to withstand long-term energy infrastructure changes.

Scale is needed now and can be achieved through innovative finance models

Technologies that exist today could be making a much greater impact, however various barriers to adoption limit scalability. To make grid participation more attractive, there are three areas that need to be addressed: financing, affordability, and deployment. Business models matter and the key is making “the energy transition” profitable for those that need to participate. Innovative financing models, such as subscription-based or as-a-service options, can remove capital barriers to accelerate technology deployment and incentivize program adoption. Corporations will ultimately pick up the tab and must find ways to offset these costs—and risks.

Collaboration and partnerships are imperative.

CERAWeek displayed a genuine combination of leaders representing governments, oil and gas, climate activists, and emerging tech coming together to forge an all-of-the-above path forward despite numerous timing, technology, regulatory, and coordination challenges. The future of energy is a challenging, interconnected puzzle that bridges politics, policy, infrastructure, technology, geography, economy, and environmental goals. Seeing leaders representing these groups unite for an open dialogue on the path forward was encouraging.

Commercial buildings in particular are critical to the energy transition, and they need solutions that reduce complexity and costs. By incentivizing businesses operating these buildings to adopt technology and make their buildings grid-interactive, businesses can reduce costs, play an active role in grid stability, operate more efficiently, deploy cost-effective strategies, and become more resilient to quickly changing energy trends without impacting operations. There are a variety of existing and emerging technologies that can make the energy transition impactful, affordable, and easier to implement today to achieve impact.

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Guest Author

The Energy Transition: Buildings are Key in 2023 Mark Danzenbaker Sitting on a stool. Man wearing a grey suit — (Credit: Mark Danzenbaker)

Mark Danzenbaker is the CEO of GridPoint, a leader in building energy management and optimization technology that decarbonizes commercial buildings and accelerates a more sustainable energy future. Danzenbaker joined GridPoint in 2009 and has served in several leadership positions before being named to his current role in 2016.

Danzenbaker drives GridPoint’s efforts by creating a network of smart, efficient, grid-interactive buildings and working with commercial buildings, utilities and technology partners. To date, GridPoint has saved customers hundreds of millions of dollars in energy costs, reduced billions of kWh in electricity and eliminated billions of lbs. of carbon emissions.

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change

Mar 22, 2023

DW takes us to the hottest area to tell us how local people are putting their hands together for a better future for everyone at a time when realising that energy cooperation is a necessary step; it is about Israelis, Palestinians, and Arabs jointly tackling climate change.

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change

Jennifer Holleis

A new US-led initiative brings together Palestinians, Israelis and Arab states to address climate change in the region. Building trust and funding joint projects remain challenges.

https://p.dw.com/p/4OwrI

The Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region is one of the most vulnerable to climate change. It’s already being hit disproportionately by rising temperatures, water scarcity and desertification. And the outlook for the future is grim.

These are all compelling reasons for experts in the region to collaborate more, say the organizers of a conference on agriculture, water and food security. The conference, which was attended by experts from Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories and several Arabic and Muslim countries, aimed to develop practical programs to address regional challenges.

“So much can be done in this region by cooperating across borders,” said William Wechsler, senior director of the N7 Initiative which organized the conference held last week in the capital of the United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi. The initiative promotes collaboration between Israel and Arab and Muslim nations that have signed the Abraham Accords, a deal brokered in 2020 to normalize relations between Israel and several Arab countries, including Morocco, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain.

“For example, water can be made more available, food prices can be lowered, and people’s lives can be made more secure,” said Wechsler, listing the advantages of potential cooperations.

Wechsler believes agriculture is an ideal basis for climate change collaboration. Not only is it a field where progress can be made quickly, it could also have a big impact on people’s lives across the MENA region.

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change An Egyptian girl takes part in wheat harvest in Bamha village near al-Ayyat town in Giza province — Egypt seeks to address wheat shortages and inflation by implementing crops that need less water.Image: AFP

“If we miss the opportunity to address climate change now, the window of opportunity will eventually close,” Wechsler warned.

Although there are challenges to establishing governments and private sector cooperations, Wechsler believes those actively involved in tackling climate change and its effects are keen to work together.

“At the end of the day, scientists and engineers are practical people who are interested in solving problems, no matter where they are from,” Wechsler told DW.

Difficult to find funding for joint projects

For conference participant Faouzi Bekkaoui, the director of Morocco’s National Agricultural Research Institute, Israel has much to offer his country.

“Israeli expertise relates in particular to water usage efficiency, such as irrigation systems and developing more resilient crops and varieties,” he told DW.

Morocco is among the world’s most water-stressed countries, according to a World Bank 2022 report, and its agricultural sector is badly affected by the water shortage and climate change.

Catching fog in Morocco

“Israel also made significant progress in biotechnology or genomics, and all these areas could be beneficial for Morocco, as well,” he said.

But funds for joint Moroccan-Israeli projects or academic exchanges are limited. Bekkaoui has now applied to the US-based Merck Foundation, which funds projects between Israel and the Arab countries that signed the Abraham Accords, for a grant.

The region lacks a tradition of cross-border academic cooperations.

“Most national research administrations … have limited pathways to grant research funding to foreign organizations,” said Youssef Wehbe, a researcher at the National Center of Meteorology in Abu Dhabi, in a recent podcast by the Middle East Institute.

Finding funding for cross-border projects to combat climate change is even more complex. During the World Climate Summit COP26 in Glasgow in 2021, richer nations agreed to provide adaptation funds worth $40 billion (€37.3 billion) annually for low- and middle-income countries from 2025 onwards.

But most of this finance is awarded in the form of loans for mitigation projects to reduce fossil fuel usage, such as installing solar panels or wind farms, which return a profit to lending nations, explained Wehbe.

In contrast, financing for adaptation schemes is low as they are “harder to fund and are less attractive to funding nations compared to the loan model, which returns a profit for these lending nations,” Wehbe said.

He calls for more globally oriented research programs targeting climate change “to solicit ideas from the international scientific community.”

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change Israeli center-pivot irrigation system spraying water in agricultural fields near the border with Jordan — Israeli irrigation technology could help other countries in the region, for example MoroccoImage: Menahem Kahana/AFP

Tackling climate change to reduce conflict

Agriculture and climate change expert Jamal Saghir, a professor at Canada’s McGill University and former World Bank director, also regards collaboration across borders as the best solution.

“Regional cooperation is always a win-win situation and much better than national or bilateral projects,” he told DW. “Most of the Mideast countries are not doing enough yet and climate change is much faster.”

The Middle East is warming at twice the global average. This is expected to fuel competition and conflict over dwindling resources – making it essential for the region to tackle climate change and its consequences such as more migration and unrest.

However, Saghir believes the region can leapfrog these issues through technology. Here he seesIsrael and the Gulf countries in a position to take a lead.

“Israeli technology is leading in desalination and irrigation and the region would benefit a lot from these methods,” he said. The United Arab Emirates, beyond their thriving oil business, have also made significant investments in renewable energies, he pointed out.

“Joint collaboration will lead to new ideas in research and development, which can then be implemented by several countries,” he said. “What are they waiting for? This could happen now.”

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change Sudanese girls holding a sign reading — Cross-border regional cooperation could help address water shortages before it is too late, say the organizers of the summitImage: Albert Gonzalez Farran/UNAMID/AFP

Building a basis of trust

Tareq Abu Hamad, executive director of the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies in Israel, believes tackling climate change together with other scientists across the region could turn into “a great opportunity to build trust.”

“We live in a small region that is considered as a hotspot when it comes to climate change, and we do not have any other option than cooperating with each other to deal with these challenges,” he said.

Alex Plitsas, who is involved in the N7 Initiative, was struck by one scene at the conference that filled him with hope.

“The most extraordinary thing I witnessed … in Abu Dhabi was when a male Arab diplomat from a Gulf state wearing traditional thobe & donning a kaffiyeh sat with a female Israeli entrepreneur and I late at night,” he wrote on Twitter, “as they worked to figure out how to make people’s lives better.”

Edited by: Jon Shelton and Kate Hairsine

MENA ‘injustices’ of climate change are highlighted by experts

Mar 9, 2023

MENA ‘injustices’ of climate change are highlighted by experts

By ANIKET DIXIT

Washington: Climate change is already taking place, and as temperatures rise, oceans warm, sea levels rise, and already scarce freshwater resources in some areas decrease, its effects will only worsen. Conflict and migration will be exacerbated by this, especially in the Middle East and Africa’s poorest and most vulnerable countries.

This was one of the messages from attendees at a panel discussion on the topic of “Climate Injustice?,” which was held on Wednesday at the Middle East Institute in Washington. How less developed countries are bearing the brunt of climate change.

In comparison to wealthy, developed Western countries, many poorer nations contribute less to the carbon emissions that cause climate change, but they bear the brunt of its effects, according to Mohammed Mahmoud, director of the institute’s Climate and Water Program.

According to him, three main factors determine which nations are most likely to suffer from the effects of climate change both now and in the future.

First of all, as sea levels rise, countries with extensive coastlines and island nations run the risk of losing land mass and flooding. Additionally, the intrusion of saltwater could “compromise” their sources of fresh groundwater.

Second, even small increases in global temperatures can have a significant impact on countries with a high heat index, particularly those that are close to the equator and receive a lot of solar radiation.

The third and most crucial factor, according to Mahmoud, is the present scarcity of fresh water in some nations.

The distinction between these broad categories is made interesting by the fact that they are all found in the Middle East and North Africa region, the author continued. The likelihood of crises related to climate change increases as more of these problems are faced by nations in the region.

The panelists concurred that a country’s ability to effectively combat the impending threats of climate change is greatly influenced by its economic strength, or lack thereof.

Countries in East Africa, for instance, which are already dealing with the worst drought in decades and have fragile economies, will be less able to deal with the effects of climate change than, say, a Gulf country like Bahrain, which is water-stressed but much better equipped economically to deal with potential problems

Mahmoud stressed the importance of nations’ financial capacity to address climate change-related issues, including their ability to pay for the tools and technologies they require to address their particular issues. The right education and training must also be a part of the overall plan to lessen the effects of climate change, he continued.

Financial stability is crucial, but according to Ayat Soliman, the World Bank’s regional director for sustainable development for Eastern and Southern Africa, there is a certain amount of “injustice” in how various countries are impacted by the global issue of climate change.

She claimed that “we see climate charts are increasing in terms of its intensity” in Africa and the Middle East. She added that many parts of Africa, for instance, are going through their worst drought in years and that millions of people are going hungry.

Since some of the most vulnerable people in the world are being impacted by climate change in Africa, Soliman predicted that there will be a large-scale migration as a result. According to World Bank research, about 90 million people will be forced to leave their homes and find new residences over the course of the next 20 years as a result of the effects of climate change. The already pressing problem of food security in less developed countries will be exacerbated by this.

Soliman predicted that the majority of those packing up and moving will be the poor, the weak, and those who live in rural areas. Conflicts all over the world are and will continue to be caused by climate stress.

The president and co-founder of the Mediterranean Youth Climate Network, Hajar Khamlichi, stated that young people in the most severely affected areas have a crucial role to play in the successful implementation of international agreements that guide global action on climate change. As a result, it is crucial that they participate in the process and are heard, which is not always the case.

He added that this failure has an impact on national and international strategies to combat the effects of climate change. “The voice of young people is not heard in the Arab World,” he said.

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Draft UN nature deal calls to protect 30% of planet

Dec 19, 2022

A Draft UN nature deal calls to protect 30% of the planet by 2030, as shown in EURACTIV.com with AFP, reveals our dramatic situation. Is this a good chance not to overlook; only time can tell.

The above image is of TRENDS

Draft UN nature deal calls to protect 30% of planet by 2030

Opening the talks in Montreal, UN chief Antonio Guterres warned humanity had become a “weapon of mass extinction” and called on parties to forge a “peace pact with nature.” [UN Biodiversity / Flickr]

A UN nature deal proposed Sunday (18 December) calls to protect at least 30% of the planet by 2030 and asks rich countries to stump up $30 billion in yearly aid for developing nations to save their ecosystems.

Fraught talks seeking an agreement to save the species and ecosystems on which life depends came to a head as summit chair China presented a long-awaited compromise text.

Mapping out action for the next decade to reverse destruction that scientists say threatens a million species, the proposal called on wealthy countries to increase financial aid to the developing world to $20 billion annually by 2025, rising to $30 billion per year by 2030.

It also called on countries to “ensure and enable that by 2030 at least 30% of terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine areas” are effectively conserved and managed.

The text includes language safeguarding the rights of Indigenous people as stewards of their lands, a key demand of campaigners.

The compromise text was largely welcomed by conservationists, but still needs to be agreed upon by the 196 signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity before it is finalised.

Risk of pushback

Opening the talks in Montreal, UN chief Antonio Guterres warned humanity had become a “weapon of mass extinction” and called on parties to forge a “peace pact with nature.”

The COP15 meeting is being held in Canada because of China’s strict COVID rules.

Delegates began examining the draft agreement just as the football World Cup between France and Argentina kicked off in Qatar.

A plenary session was scheduled for Sunday evening when countries will have the opportunity to approve the deal. Negotiations over the past 10 days have been slow however and observers warned the talks, scheduled to end on Monday, could run over.

“The Chinese presidency’s draft final paper is courageous,” said Germany’s environment minister Steffi Lemke. “By protecting nature, we protect ourselves.”

“By including a target to protect and conserve at least 30 percent of the world’s lands and oceans, the draft text makes the largest commitment to ocean and land conservation in history,” said Brian O’Donnell, of the Campaign for Nature.

But there was also concern that some areas of the text had been watered down.

Georgina Chandler, of Britain’s Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, said she was worried about a lack of numeric “milestones” for restoring ecosystems by 2050.

“We’re basically not measuring progress until 28 years’ time, which is madness,” she said.

Pressure mounts on EU to maintain ambition on biodiversity at COP15

Lawmakers and civil society are calling on the EU to support an ambitious agreement on nature protection at the COP15 international biodiversity conference following concerns the bloc is not defending a robust text.

Funding dispute

Another major issue of contention is the funding mechanism.

Developing countries, spearheaded by Brazil, were seeking the creation of a new fund to signal the Global North’s commitment to the cause. But the draft text instead suggests a compromise: a “trust fund” within the existing Global Environment Facility.

Observers had warned the COP15 conference risked collapse as countries squabbled over how much the rich world should pay to fund the efforts, with developing nations walking out of talks at one point.

But Chinese environment minister Huang Runqiu said Saturday he was “greatly confident” of a consensus and his Canadian counterpart Steven Guilbeault said “tremendous progress” had been made.

The more than 20 targets also include reducing environmentally destructive farming subsidies, asking businesses to assess and report on their biodiversity impacts, and tackling the scourge of invasive species.

But the issue of how much money the rich countries will send to the developing world, home to most of the planet’s biodiversity, has been the biggest sticking point.

Lower income nations point out developed countries grew rich by exploiting their natural resources and therefore they should be paid well to protect their own.

Current financial flows to the developing world are estimated at around $10 billion per year.

Several countries have recently made new commitments. The European Union has committed €7 billion ($7.4 billion) for the period until 2027, double its prior pledge.

Biodiversity in Europe: EU aims to protect 30% of land and sea

With a UN biodiversity summit approaching in spring, 2021 has been hailed as a super year for biodiversity. As part of its contribution, the European Commission is preparing legislation to introduce legal protection for 30% of land and sea in Europe.

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$35trn of investment needed to fuel urgent energy transition

IRENA chief warns $35trn of investment needed to fuel urgent energy transition

IRENA: Annual energy transition investments must quadruple

Like this:

The Energy Transition: Buildings are Key in 2023

The Energy Transition: Buildings are Key in 2023

We must focus on energy supply AND demand

Buildings are KEY, especially the small ones

Technology can deliver continuous efficiency and virtual power

Scale is needed now and can be achieved through innovative finance models

Collaboration and partnerships are imperative.

Guest Author

Like this:

Israelis, Palestinians, Arabs jointly tackle climate change