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A Development Agenda for the Global South

A Development Agenda for the Global South

Jun 20, 2025

A BRICS+ Development Agenda for the Global South demands more than ever, because climate-change mitigation and adaptation cannot be separated from socioeconomic development.

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A BRICS+ Development Agenda for the Global South

Fernando Amorim Teixeira
Project Syndicate 19 June 2025

In the face of a fragmenting global economy, Brazil’s BRICS+ presidency offers a historic opportunity to develop a model of cooperation attuned to the Global South’s development needs. Despite member states’ diverse perspectives, all should recognize the value of policy coordination.

RIO DE JANEIRO – On July 6-7, Rio de Janeiro will host the BRICS+ Summit of presidents and heads of state. With ten current member states and many others seeking to join, the BRICS+ brings together countries with diverse political, cultural, and civilizational outlooks, but which share a commitment to fostering South-South cooperation and pursuing a more equitable, multipolar global order.

Such efforts are needed more than ever, because climate-change mitigation and adaptation cannot be separated from socioeconomic development. From a production standpoint, responding to such a complex, multifaceted challenge requires integration into higher rungs of the value chain, through strategies underpinned by strong sustainability principles. In practice, that means adopting policies to incentivize energy-efficient production methods and an expansion into higher value-added industrial outputs.

But industrial decarbonization depends on knowledge-intensive sectors and technologies, and investments in these areas do not arise organically from market dynamics. They require political will, strategic planning, a risk appetite for long-duration projects, and – crucially – increased productivity through the more efficient use of natural resources. Such an agenda demands empowered states; it calls for a strategic mobilization of public institutions that can operate with relative independence from fiscal constraints.

In this context, the BRICS+ should focus on identifying complementarities across strategic sectors and activities, so that member states can drive innovation and strengthen their international competitiveness without undermining each other. Initiatives such as the Partnership for the New Industrial Revolution (PartNIR) represent important steps in this direction.

But moving beyond dialogue is essential. To translate commitments into concrete action, policymakers must engage a broader coalition of stakeholders – including companies, civil society, trade unions, and academia – to co-develop policies, guiding principles, and common standards. Creating shared value among businesses and communities not only strengthens relationships but also enhances sustainability and those businesses’ reputations. This, in turn, fosters greater public acceptance and reduces the potential for resistance or conflict.

Specifically, new investments could require labor safeguards such as fair working conditions, the prohibition of child and forced labor, and protection of freedom of association and collective-bargaining rights, all in accordance with international agreements and national legislation. Additionally, safeguards promoting gender equality and the elimination of racial discrimination would support a more inclusive and comprehensive understanding of sustainability, informed by the perspectives of the Global South.

Finance is another critical pillar. Here, the discussion should be led by members’ state-owned financial institutions, since these are best positioned to direct capital to strategic sectors and coordinate their efforts with private investors. BRICS+ countries already have dozens of public development banks and sovereign wealth funds with patient-investment (long-term) mandates, technical expertise, and demonstrable experience in supporting structural change and sustainable development initiatives. These institutions offer fertile ground for further cooperation, particularly through innovative financial instruments that could strengthen the role of the New Development Bank.

Importantly, public development banks and sovereign wealth funds must go beyond merely correcting market failures. They should serve as early-stage investors to catalyze the necessary structural transformation, including by attaching social and environmental conditionalities to their investment frameworks to influence private decisions across the value chain. For example, a company could be required to share its technology and knowledge to receive public financing. That is how the state can foster new markets and ensure that public support contributes to building more inclusive and sustainable economic models.

With clear short-, medium-, and long-term targets – like the BRICS+’s goal of tripling renewable energy capacity by 2030 – public programs to direct resources toward specific sectors would naturally enhance coordination. Each member state will need to adopt policies to target sectors that are ripe for productivity and efficiency enhancements. Input-output dynamics can be shaped through a number of channels, including effective demand, derisking mechanisms, reduced unit production costs, and measures to encourage private investment, including through public procurement.

The value chains for critical minerals and energy bio-inputs (such as sustainable aviation fuel) are two such sectors. Countries like Brazil have already made advances in these domains and are in a position to share some technologies and expertise in exchange for strategic financing.

An effective BRICS+ development agenda will require a coordinated mobilization of resources and institutional efforts, with the state playing a central role in steering the overall strategy. More than just an investor or financier, the public sector is uniquely positioned to anchor private expectations in an increasingly uncertain world. Brazil’s BRICS+ presidency, which comes at a time of rising protectionism and global economic fragmentation, offers a historic opportunity to advance a model of cooperation attuned to the Global South’s economic realities and development imperatives.

Why impact investing in the MENA region is poised for growth

Why impact investing in the MENA region is poised for growth

May 30, 2025

Here is Safia Tmiri’s viewpoint on why impact investing in the MENA region is poised for growth. Let us see.

The image above is of Baker Bozeyeh, founder and CEO of Flowless, a Palestinian company using AI-powered sensors to cut municipal water waste by 40%. Flowless is a recipient of catalytic funding and strategic support from Alfanar | Alfanar

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Viewpoint: Why impact investing in the MENA region is poised for growth

 

Written by Safia Tmiri

Published: 30 May 2025 in Impact Investor 

 

 

After laying the foundations, the MENA region is building an investable impact economy from the ground up, with resilient businesses that are ready to scale, says Safia Tmiri, executive director at Alfanar.
Baker Bozeyeh, founder and CEO of Flowless, a Palestinian company using AI-powered sensors to cut municipal water waste by 40%. Flowless is a recipient of catalytic funding and strategic support from Alfanar | Alfanar

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is approaching a rare convergence of factors that make it one of the world’s most strategic opportunities for impact investment. With over $1trn (€878bn) in reconstruction needs and a $660bn annual SDG financing gap, the region demands urgent solutions, but also offers scalable innovations with global relevance.

While often viewed as a region of complex challenges, MENA is quietly proving itself as a laboratory for resilient, replicable and scalable solutions in climate, education, and inclusive employment. At the same time, the emergence of new investment tools, increased institutional commitments, and a maturing pipeline of social enterprises signal that the region is not just ready for capital, it is ready to deploy it effectively.

Scale rooted in need

The demographic and environmental imperatives are stark. With more than 60% of its population under the age of 30, the region must create 300 million jobs by 2050 to fully capture its demographic potential. It is also one of the world’s most water-stressed regions, and includes countries still recovering from protracted conflict—Syria, Iraq, and Libya alone require over $600bn in funding for reconstruction.

Safia Tmiri, Alfanar

What is often missed in these statistics is the innovation already underway. Take Flowless, a Palestinian company using AI-powered sensors to cut municipal water waste by 40%, or Darsel, an education technology company delivering low-bandwidth mathematics learning to over 200,000 students through WhatsApp. These are beyond proof-of-concept ventures. They are scalable models with applications in Africa, Asia, and beyond.

Building the architecture for scale

This transition from isolated innovation to investable pipeline has not been accidental. It reflects over two decades of groundwork by ecosystem builders—local and regional organisations that have worked to identify, fund, and grow early-stage social enterprises, even in the absence of mature capital markets.

Alfanar, the Arab region’s first venture philanthropy organisation, has quietly helped shape this ecosystem, for example. By providing patient capital, embedded technical support, and a discipline of impact measurement, Alfanar has helped over 50 social enterprises in Lebanon, Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine move from idea to scale. Our long-term commitment, which often spans three to five years per investment, has helped create the very pipeline that development finance institutions (DFIs), impact investors, corporates, and family offices are now turning toward.

To leverage this momentum and help socially-driven start-ups bridge the gap to commercial capital, Alfanar has launched an impact investment vehicle, Anara Impact Capital, to expand the funding offering to catalytic equity and debt investment to help an increasingly mature and sophisticated ecosystem.

Changing the capital stack

Over the past five years, the capital ecosystem has also started to evolve. Sovereign wealth funds are integrating IRR thresholds into their development portfolios. The UAE alone has committed $35bn in Egypt through impact-aligned infrastructure investments. DFIs are testing blended finance vehicles, using first-loss guarantees to bring private investors into high-risk markets.

Family offices, which have traditionally been quite conservative, are adopting impact investment strategies, channelling capital towards social and economic priorities such as poverty alleviation, alongside green and tech ventures. The launch of ALTÉRRA, a $30bn catalytic capital platform at COP28, represents a new kind of anchor – one that de-risks climate and infrastructure deals for mainstream capital. It is also emblematic of a global shift—the intergenerational transfer of $124 trn in wealth to investors with ESG-aligned mandates.

MENA as a global proofing ground

MENA’s binding constraints—whether technological, regulatory, or geopolitical—have paradoxically produced uniquely efficient models. These aren’t only resilient, they are often cheaper, faster, and more adaptable. As investors look for solutions that can travel across emerging markets, MENA’s innovations are increasingly relevant.

Darsel’s platform, for example, operates in regions with limited connectivity and conflict-disrupted schooling in Jordan, but also in India and Nigeria. Flowless’s water solution has already shown viability in Palestine and Kenya. These examples speak to a broader truth: when impact models work in MENA, they can work almost anywhere in Global South contexts.

Market movement

The signs of market maturity are measurable. In Alfanar’s portfolio, 60% of enterprises supported for more than three years have reached a break-even point, with 40% expanding across borders – proof that they are building viable, investable models. Exit pathways have emerged as well. Etisalat’s acquisition of El Grocer and Astra Tech’s of Botim are early signals of regional buyout interest.

Perhaps most telling is the state-level buy-in, such as Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund’s commitment to impact investments, marked by the expansion of its green project investment plan to over $19.4bn. This alone could reshape the capital landscape.

Alfanar

Alfanar has made investments in early-stage ventures, contributed to data infrastructure, and provided leadership in initiatives like the Arab Impact Network, all of which have helped shift the region from vision to viability. The launch of the Network last month, co-created with Impact Jordan, AVPN, Impact Europe and others, aims to do what Silicon Valley ecosystems did for tech: unlock the flow of talent, capital, and ideas.

The value of such long-term ecosystem support is hard to quantify, but easy to recognise in hindsight. Without it, the capital now entering the region would have fewer places to land—and less to show for it.

What’s next for investors

The next chapter for MENA’s impact economy will be shaped by those who can translate promising enterprises into scalable, cross-border solutions. But success in this space won’t come from chasing trends, it will come from backing ventures with strong fundamentals, disciplined growth, and leaders who understand their markets. This requires flexible, risk-tolerant capital deployed early, smarter data systems to track and refine what works, and stronger mechanisms for cross-regional learning, particularly between MENA and other Global South economies.

Investors would be wise to look beyond headlines and focus on enterprises that deliver essential services efficiently, sustainably, and with replicable models—those with the operational clarity to explain their value on the back of an envelope. MENA is no longer an edge case. It is a market in motion. The groundwork has been laid. The tools are now in place. The only question is who will act early enough to shape what happens next.

Safia Tmiri is executive director at Alfanar, the venture philanthropy organisation.

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Dilemma of climate action and development 

Dilemma of climate action and development 

May 21, 2025

Because , and economic intervention, resolving the dilemma of climate action and development has become paramount.

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How to resolve the dilemma of climate action and development

By 
Image above : Many countries from the global south are concerned that curbing their CO₂ emissions could hamper their development © Jorgeliz/Envato
François Gemenne is a professor at HEC Paris and lead author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

At a glance

  • When the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was signed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, it was agreed only industrialised countries would have to undertake emissions cuts
  • The world has undergone significant changes since then, and many countries that were considered developing nations in 1992, now rank among the wealthiest countries in the world. At the same time, many nations from the global south are concerned that curbing their carbon emissions could hamper their development
  • Our study shows emissions surge during the early phases of development, but then plateau or even decline. On this basis, we propose to classify countries into three categories to guide more equitable climate action in terms of emissions reductions and financial commitments

When the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was signed at the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, it was agreed only industrialised countries would have to undertake emissions cuts. To this end, Annex I was added to the convention, listing the 37 nations that were considered industrialised.

Since 1992, this list has not been amended. However, the world has since undergone significant changes, and many countries considered developing nations in 1992 now rank among the wealthiest countries in the world.

At COP29 last year in Baku, the distinction between industrialised and developing countries was a major source of tension, as governments from the global south pushed for greater financial support. While most, if not all, observers agree Annex I is outdated, no consensus has emerged on how to revise it and how to adopt a classification that promotes climate justice within the framework of the negotiations.

At the same time, many nations from the global south are concerned that curbing their carbon dioxide emissions could hamper their development. In particular, countries such as India and Senegal worry that phasing out fossil fuels could compromise their ability to meet their growing energy demands. They argue, understandably, that they have a right to development, which imperative emissions reductions should not jeopardise.

Our study aimed to investigate the extent to which developmental needs influence countries’ decisions to increase their greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve this, we have correlated consumption-based CO₂ emissions per capita with each country’s score on the Human Development Index, a benchmark that aggregates data related to GDP, health and education.

We found the relationship between development and CO₂ emissions exhibits a “champagne curve”, similar to how champagne bursts from a freshly opened bottle in a non-linear fashion. In short, emissions surge during the early phases of development, but they plateau or even decline once a country reaches a HDI score of 0.8 (on a scale of 0 to 1).

Past the threshold of 0.8, further development and improved wellbeing of the population no longer translate into an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. For a similar HDI score, countries can exhibit per capita CO₂ emissions ranging from 5 tonnes to 25 tonnes a person.

In contrast, poorer countries with a HDI score below 0.6 have very similar and low emissions. For these nations, achieving a higher level of development implies an increase in emissions. Intermediate countries — those with a HDI score of between 0.6 and 0.8 — face a trade-off between economic growth and sustainability, requiring major investments in green technologies.

On this basis, we propose classifying countries in three categories: those with advanced, moderate and limited transformation capacity, depending on whether their HDI score is above 0.8, between 0.6 and 0.8, or below 0.6. These three categories could help revise the distinction established by Annex I and guide more equitable climate action in terms of emissions reductions and financial commitments.

Not all nations can transition equally, and our classification provides a means to move beyond the outdated framework of Annex I.

Furthermore, it offers a way out of the binary framing that opposes development and emissions reductions. We show that, once a certain threshold of development is reached, climate action does not require sacrificing the wellbeing of the population. In fact, it is quite the opposite, featuring better infrastructure and greener technology.

At a time when the climate transition is often associated with the rhetoric of sacrifice and reduced wellbeing, we consider this a particularly important finding.

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Sustainable is the new developed

Sustainable is the new developed

May 16, 2025

Sustainable development is the new trend in country development, and a “developing country” can also be closer to realising sustainable development.

Image above is ZHANG YUJUN/FOR CHINA DAILY

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Sustainable is the new developed

By LI YANG | China Daily Global 
Updated: 2025-05-16 

 

An evaluation system needs to be established to help countries identify how they can make greater progress toward the goal of sustainability

On Dec 14, 1960, Canada, the United States and 18 European countries signed a multilateral convention, establishing the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. From then on, they have called themselves developed countries, and most other countries have been classified as developing countries. After several decades, it seems that only a few countries from other continents, such as Japan, the Republic of Korea and Singapore, have been admitted into this “developed club “of Western nations.

But from that moment, many developing countries began to embrace the dream of becoming a so-called developed country. Obviously, they failed, despite the great efforts they have made to achieve that goal. The strange thing is, nobody has given a clear and precise definition of developed country, and no economic theory has systematically described that concept. Per capita GDP is deemed to be the main “criteria” to determine whether a country has the qualifications to be regarded as a developed country or not. That means, the reason why those countries are seen as developed is their seemingly higher level of wealth.

Ironically, this dream per se may not be as beautiful as those countries have wished. People seem to have forgotten some simple, yet unsavory, facts behind that wealth.

The relatively higher level of wealth of those so-called developed countries, to a great extent, stems from past colonial plunder and unreasonable international division of labor. Although the colonial economy has come to an end, the ex-colonial powers still occupy the upstream of the global industrial and value chains through a favorable international division of labor, which in fact is a blatant exploitation of poorer and weaker countries. This has given developed countries an advantage — they can take the lead in achieving traditional industrialization and, through it, accumulate wealth. But, traditional industrialization has overdrawn on the planet’s natural resources and caused serious ecological and environmental harm, such as pollution of the atmosphere, water bodies and soil, extinction of species and the frequent outbreak of various infectious diseases. Some Western countries still heavily rely on fossil fuel energy and have been reluctant to develop clean energy. They have adopted an irresponsible attitude toward participating in global actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The enviable “wealth” of many developed countries does not live up to their name, and at most only reflects one aspect of those countries. The severe wealth disparity makes higher per capita GDP have little to do with ordinary people. High inflation, low-quality and inefficient public services, ubiquitous racial discrimination, and serious social problems caused by moral decline and spiritual decadence have all greatly reduced the “wealth charm” of these countries.

Additionally, even after the establishment of the United Nations, Western developed countries have still, individually or collectively, committed a large number of acts that violate the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and contemporary international legal norms, infringe on their internal affairs, and some even constitute crimes against humanity.

Under such circumstances, these developed countries have become saboteurs of international peace, stability, security and prosperity.

In spite of this, many countries are still vying to become developed countries and gain power by realizing traditional industrialization. But for most of those countries, if not all of them, this will remain an unattainable dream, since it would be extremely difficult, if not impossible, for a developing country to complete its traditional industrialization based on fossil energy in today’s international environment. That means, to some extent, the current developing countries may never have the opportunity to enter the developed club through traditional industrialization.

That is why some countries are opting to financialize their national economy as another way to join the club of developed countries. But in the long run, the negative impact of this approach will be unbearable for them. It will make the national economy a bubble, leading to the hollowing out of industries, the widening of the wealth gap between the rich and the poor, and reducing the size of the middle-income group.

Seeing such astonishing facts, people may inevitably have a strong feeling that the so-called developed countries are not qualified enough to serve as role models for other countries, both economically and morally.

In 2015, all members of the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, in the realization that sustainable development in various fields and dimensions, including the sustainable development of the economy and human rights, sustainable development of the relations between countries and groups, sustainable development of populations, and sustainable development of the relationship between humans and nature, is the key to resolving a series of global challenges. But only 16 percent of the 17 SDGs are expected to be realized by the target year, 2030. The reasons for the serious lag in progress toward the sustainable development goals compared to expectations are manifold, but it cannot be denied that one of the important reasons is that people are using outdated and unsustainable development methods to pursue future sustainable development goals.

In a nutshell, to truly achieve global sustainable development, the international community needs new, strong criteria support, and sustainable development should be the common goal of all countries.

Given that currently there is no country that meets all the requirements for SDGs, countries today can be classified into the following categories: quasi-sustainable, relatively-sustainable, less sustainable and unsustainable.

A developed country that has not yet achieved sustainable development might be problematic and even destructive to the world. A “developing country” can also be closer to realising sustainable development.

For the moment, a task of top priority is for relevant UN bodies to jointly develop a feasible indicator system and evaluation criteria for sustainable development, so that each country can be classified appropriately according to its development status, and know how to address the weak points in its pursuit of sustainable development.

The positive and encouraging side is, even before the indicator system and evaluation criteria have been worked out, a few countries have factually set good examples for the international community in pursuing sustainable development. China’s high-quality development is essentially the pursuit of sustainable development. And China has achieved the most significant results in implementing the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It has been taking the lead in eliminating poverty and protecting human rights, restoring and preserving the ecological environment, protecting biodiversity, controlling desertification, developing clean energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, rapidly advancing a green transformation in production and lifestyle. No one should doubt that China will become one of the first countries to realize sustainable development.

The author is former consul general of the People’s Republic of China in Rio de Janeiro. The author contributed this article to China Watch, a think tank powered by China Daily. The views do not necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

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Mauritania: Nouakchott data centre inaugurated

Mauritania: Nouakchott data centre inaugurated

May 13, 2025

The European Investment Bank (EIB) has provided a €15 million loan to back the creation of a tier 3 data centre, including the construction of the data centre building in Mauritania, where the Nouakchott data centre was inaugurated.

The image above is a Close-up of a glass window with the word ‘DATA’ partially visible, created using adhesive dots, with a blurred background of a building. (Credit: Unsplash)

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Mauritania: Nouakchott data centre inaugurated

May 13, 2025 by  Leave a Comment

This article is published in association with European Investment Bank.

Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould El-Ghazaouani, Minister of Digital Transformation and Modernisation of Administration Ahmed Salem Bede Etvagha, EU Ambassador to Mauritania Joaquin Tasso Vilallonga and EIB Head of Unit for West and Central Africa Public Sector Financing Svetla Stoeva inaugurated the Nouakchott data centre on Thursday 8 May 2025. This project will bolster Mauritania’s digital sovereignty and help expand connectivity and private sector contributions to national and regional development, all of which are objectives of the West African Regional Communications Infrastructure Programme (WARCIP).

The European Investment Bank (EIB) has provided a €15 million loan to back the creation of a tier 3 data centre, including the construction of the data centre building, the construction monitoring and auditing contract and tier 3 certification by the Uptime Institute, which will attract high-level banks and private companies with optimum data security standards.

Speaking on behalf of Team Europe, EU Ambassador to Mauritania Joaquin Tasso Vilallonga said: “Digital technology development in Africa is a priority for the European Union and the EIB, in line with the EU strategy for digital transformation in Africa and the Global Gateway initiative.This data centre will provide Mauritania with a secure and efficient digital transition tool to digitalise the public sector and offer hosting solutions to the private sector.”

EIB Vice-President Ambroise Fayolle added: “I am delighted that the Bank is supporting such an important project for Mauritania’s development. The financing of the Nouakchott national data centre and its tier 3 certification is a major step forward for digital infrastructure in the country. I would like to thank Mauritania for working with us and for the quality of our partnership. Our development arm EIB Global aims to back the EU Global Gateway initiative and key sectors in partner countries (including in Africa), such as innovation, the digital economy, renewable energy, water, agriculture and transport.”

Minister of Digital Transformation and Modernisation of Administration Ahmed Salem Bede Etvagha said: “Today’s inauguration is a key step in implementing our national digital strategy and our digital infrastructure strategy in particular. Building, commissioning and certifying this tier 3 data centre will provide a solution meeting Mauritania’s needs for national and international data hosting and security. Behind this solution is the greater regional and global connectivity offered by our backbone network of national, regional and submarine cables, making Mauritania a regional connectivity hub.”

This data centre will strengthen Mauritania’s digital sovereignty, enable it to host national data within the country and improve compliance with digital data exchange security standards. It is a key tool for the digital transition, contributing to the digitalisation of the Mauritanian public sector and economy.

The project is part of the West African Regional Communications Infrastructure Programme (WARCIP) co-financed with the World Bank, which is responsible for the construction of fibre-optic backbone links in north-eastern, southern and south-eastern Mauritania, with international connection points close to the borders with Senegal and Mali.

The data centre is also a major addition to Mauritania’s European Union-backed efforts to improve its connectivity and facilitate its digital transition, including connection to the Africa Coast to Europe (ACE) submarine cable in 2010 and more recently the award of a contract to Ellalink to deploy a second submarine cable – both of which were financed by the EIB.

Once operational, the data centre will be managed by International Mauritania Telecom (IMT), which brings together the government (via Mauripost) and the country’s three telecom operators.

Background information

EIB

The European Investment Bank (ElB) is the long-term lending institution of the European Union, owned by its Member States. It finances investments that contribute to EU policy objectives.

The EIB has been a strong partner for African countries for more than 55 years. Through EIB Global, the Bank is strengthening its presence in Africa. Over the past decade, the EIB has provided more than €28 billion for investment in innovative technologies, green energy, water, education, agriculture, telecommunications, healthcare and businesses in 40 countries across the continent. Since 2019-2020 and the start of the COVID-19 pandemic alone, the EIB has provided more than €8.5 billion for new private and public investments across Africa.

EIB Global is the EIB Group’s specialised arm devoted to increasing the impact of international partnerships and development finance. It is designed to foster strong, focused partnerships within Team Europe, alongside fellow development finance institutions and civil society. EIB Global brings the EIB Group closer to local people, companies and institutions through our offices around the world.

About the European Union’s priorities in Mauritania

The European Union has been active in Mauritania for 50 years. Alongside the EU Member States (Team Europe), it works to promote socioeconomic development in the country, with a focus on healthcare, education, technical and vocational training, the environment, energy and support for the private sector, particularly in fishing, agriculture and livestock. It also supports the country’s governance, working to modernise public administration, in addition to its involvement in the fields of security, stability and migration management. Since 2021, human development, the transition to a green and blue economy, and improved governance have been the guiding priorities of our partnership under the Global Gateway strategy, which aims to develop sustainable and reliable connections serving people and planet.

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